Peptide Database

Peptide NameInsulin A chain

Function Ontology

Hormonal / Endocrine ▸ Hormone peptide

Regulatory peptide ▸ Biological regulation

Standard StatusStandard

Sequence Length21 amino acids

Chemical FormulaC98H145N27O33S4

DescriptionStandard

        GIVEHCCHNTCSLFDLEGYCN
    

Molecular Weight2357.62 Da

Isoelectric Point (pI)4.63

Net Charge (pH 7.0)-3.10

Net Charge (pH 7.4) -3.47

Charge Density (pH 7.0) -0.1476

GRAVY Index0.08

Hydrophobic Moment 0.31

Boman Index0.15

Instability Index22.44

Aliphatic Index 69.52

Aromaticity 0.0952

Extinction Coeff. Reduced 1490.00

Extinction Coeff. Oxidized 1740.00

The radar chart summarizes major physicochemical dimensions for quick comparison, while exact numerical values remain listed on the left.

Amino Acid Composition

TPSA 961.45

LogP -10.68

H-bond Donors 36.0

H-bond Acceptors 36.0

Rotatable Bonds 74.0

Heavy Atoms 162.0

Ring Count 4.0

Amide Bonds 22.0

3D PDB MODEL

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2D CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

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RECORD: Rec_0013952 VERIFIED: YES

Provenance & Taxonomy

OrganismTorpedo marmorata [Animal]

FamilyInsulin

Tax ID7788

Structure & Mods

Configdisulfide-constrained peptide [Cyclic]

Chiralitycanonical L-amino-acid peptide [L]

Disulfide6-11

Bio-Activity Profile

Function

Hormone Endocrine Metabolic regulation Physiological regulation

Half-LifeMammalian: 30 hour; Yeast: >20 hour; E. coli: >10 hour